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[자료소개] Bioethics in the Academic Literature: January 13, 2015
국외 조회 수 419 추천 수 0 2015.01.22 18:57:42| 날짜 : | 2015-01-20 |
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| 관련 링크 : | http://us1.campaign-archive2.com/?u=0f54...61e655d75a |
| 기관 / 기타정보 : |
Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics
Bioethics in the Academic Literature: January 20, 2015
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January 20, 2015 "Guiding Choice — Ethically Influencing Referrals in ACOs," New England Journal of MedicineAuthors: Matthew DeCamp, Lisa Soleymani Lehmann As the accountable care organization (ACO) model spreads in the United States, early experiences are being used to improve operations. One aspect of the model receiving substantial attention is the organization's influence on referrals.  "'Targeted' Consent for Pragmatic Clinical Trials," Journal of General Internal MedicineAuthor: David Wendler Research on interventions within the standard of care has enormous potential, yet it also raises several ethical and regulatory challenges. Perhaps the most important is determining what consent process is needed for these "pragmatic" clinical trials.  "Women with Hyperandrogenism in Elite Sports: Scientific and Ethical Rationales for Regulating," Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & MetabolismAuthors: Stéphane Bermon, Eric Vilain, Patrick Fénichel, Martin Ritzén This short article addresses two main subjects of controversy: the existing scientific basis supporting performance enhancing of high blood T levels in elite female athletes, and the ethical rationale and considerations about these policies.  "Professional Ethics in Nursing: An Integrative Review," Journal of Advanced NursingAuthors: Mari Kangasniemi, Piiku Pakkanen, Anne Korhonen Greater knowledge of professional ethics is needed to understand and support nurses’ moral decision-making and to respond to the challenges of current changes in health care and society.  "Communicating with Biobank Participants: Preferences for Receiving and Providing Updates to Researchers," Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & PreventionAuthors: Jessica Mester, MaryBeth Mercer, Aaron Goldenberg, Rebekah Moore, Charis Eng, Richard Sharp Previous work shows that biobank participants desire study updates, but preferences regarding the method or frequency of these communications have not been explored.  "Ethics, Consent and Blinding: Lessons from a Placebo/Sham Controlled CPAP Crossover Trial," ThoraxAuthors: Yasaman Djavadkhani, Nathaniel Marshall, Angela D'Rozario, Megan Crawford, Brendon Yee, Ronald Grunstein, Craig Phillips Performing rigorously designed clinical trials in device-based treatments is challenging. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the most effective device-based treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea. We performed a randomised crossover trial of CPAP versus placebo therapy and did not disclose the presence of placebo.  "Psychiatrists' and Primary Care Physicians' Beliefs About Overtreatment of Depression and Anxiety," Journal of Nervous and Mental DiseaseAuthors: Ryan Lawrence, Kenneth Rasinski, John Yoon, Farr Curlin This national survey of primary care physicians and psychiatrists found that a small majority believe physicians too often treat normal sadness and worry as medical illnesses and yet most believe that undertreatment of depression and anxiety is a more pressing problem.  "Ethics Rounds Do Not Improve the Handling of Ethical Issues by Psychiatric Staff," Nordic Journal of PsychiatryAuthors: Marit Silén, Kristina Haglund, Mats Hansson, Mia Ramklint Ethics rounds have been advocated as a tool to deal with ethical issues within healthcare. However, this study showed that the ethics rounds in psychiatric outpatient clinics did not result in statistically significant changes in ethical climate, which is in line with findings from previous studies with quantitative approaches.  "Acceptability and Feasibility of a Virtual Counselor (VICKY) to Collect Family Health Histories," Genetics in Medicine The family health history is one of the most important risk factors for many chronic conditions, yet the collection of family history information by patients and the integration of family history assessment into clinical practice has had surprisingly poor frequency and quality.  "The Impact of Complaints Procedures on the Welfare, Health and Clinical Practise of 7926 Doctors in the UK: A Cross-Sectional Survey," BMJ OpenAuthors: Tom Bourne, Laure Wynants, Mike Peters, Chantal Van Audenhove, Dirk Timmerman, Ben Van Calster, Maria Jalmbrant The primary aim of this study was to investigate the psychological welfare of doctors who have observed or experienced past and/or current complaints. The secondary aim of the study was to assess whether being involved in or witnessing a complaints process leads to doctors reporting that they practise medicine defensively. |
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